Install SQL Server 2022 in a Windows environment
Operating environment
- SQL Server
-
- SQL Server 2022 Developer Edition
- SQL Server Management Studio
-
- SQL Server Management Studio 19.3
- Windows Server
-
- Windows Server 2022
Prerequisites
- SQL Server
-
- SQL Server 2022 Developer Edition
- Windows
-
- Windows 10
- Windows 11
- Windows Server
-
- Windows Server 2016
- Windows Server 2019
- Windows Server 2022
About Editions
There are several editions of SQL Server 2022, but in this case, we'll use the Developer Edition, which is a free edition for development or testing purposes only. However, the installation procedure itself is not much different for other editions, so you should be able to install it in the same way.
How you obtain SQL Server may vary by edition.
Download SQL Server 2022 Developer Edition
The Developer Edition is free to use for development and testing purposes, so you can download it from the official website.
Go to the following site:
When you open the page, scroll down and click "Download Now" from the item labeled "Developer" to download it.
Installing SQL Server
This time it is installed in a Windows Server environment, but it is also possible to install in a Windows environment.
Start the SQL Server installer that you obtained.
If you are unsure about the type of installation, you can select Basic and the database will be installed. This time, select "Custom" and check the selection items one by one.
Click the "Install" button as it is without any changes. The default "Media Location" will be the download location of the installation files. The file size of the installer is large, so you can delete it if you don't need it after installation.
When the installer starts, select Install from the menu on the left, and then click Perform a new stand-alone installation of SQL Server or add features to an existing installation.
If you have a retail product key, enter the product key. In this case, we will select "Developer" as the free edition.
Read the license terms carefully, and if you agree to the license terms, check "I accept the license terms and the following" and click "Next".
The "Microsoft Update" setting is optional.
There may be a warning in "Windows Firewall", but it will continue because it is just that you cannot connect from the outside.
If you don't want to use Azure-related features, uncheck Azure Extension for SQL Server. If you want to use it, check it and enter the necessary items, but this time it is not included in the explanation.
Select the features that you want to use in SQL Server. If you only want to use it as a simple database server, you can select "Database Engine Service" at the top. If you want to use other functions, check the target box.
| Function name description | |
|---|---|
| Database Engine Services | Check if you want to create a database on the target PC. |
| SQL Server replication | It is a mechanism for synchronizing data between two or more SQL Servers. |
| Machine Leaning Services and Language Enhancements | It includes extensions that allow integration with programming languages such as R, Python, and Java using standard T-SQL statements. |
| Full-text search and semantic extraction for search | Use this for advanced text searches, such as long-form text or word- or phrase-by-phrase searches. |
| Data Quality Services | It is a function to increase the information value of data by removing and correcting inaccurate data, such as cleansing data, extracting duplicate data, and matching with external data. It is mainly used in BI (Business Intelligence) related applications. |
| PolyBase Query Service for External Data | It includes PolyBase technology that enables well-integrated queries using standard T-SQL statements across relational and non-relational data such as Oracle, Teradata, and SQL Server. |
| Analysis Services | It is used for data analysis, cube generation, and other multidimensional database construction. It is one of the BI functions. |
| Data Quality Client | Client tools for Data Quality Services. |
| Integration Services | It is a service that allows you to execute various workflows such as data migration and data conversion from other databases. |
| Scale Out Master | Contains the Integration Services Scale Out Scale Out Master. |
| Scale Out Workers | Contains Integration Services Scale Out workers for Scale Out. |
| Master Data Services | A mechanism for consolidating data from disparate systems in an organization into a single master data source. |
Configure the instance. The instance ID allows you to specify which SQL Server to use if you have more than one SQL Server (or multiple versions of SQL Server) installed on a single unit.
If you want to install only one SQL Server on a PC, select Default Instance (the default instance can only apply to one SQL Server). If you want to install more than one SQL Server, or if you want to name it for some reason, select Named Instance.
If you select Default Instance, the instance ID defaults to MSSQLSERVER. You can change it, but use it as it is, except in special cases. If you want to use a named instance, specify a name of your choice.
In this case, "Default Instance" is selected.
The service account sets the account that starts each service.
The launched service runs with the privileges of the launched account. If you don't have a specific reason for execute permissions, leave the default.
You can specify the startup type whether it starts automatically or manually when Windows starts. Please change this setting if necessary.
Click the "Next" button to proceed, or select the "Collation" tab to change the collation.
The following illustration shows the Collation tab when you select it. The collation allows you to specify how string comparisons are handled in the database. For example, case-insensitive, hiragana-katakana, and so on. You can also differentiate between different languages.
It is mainly specified by combining the following distinctions, but there are other types.
| The contents of the distinction | type distinction |
|---|---|
| CI (Case Insensitive) | Case-insensitive. Full-width alphabets are also insensitive to uppercase and lowercase letters. Example: "A" and "a" are the same |
| CS (Case Sensitive) | Be case-sensitive. It also distinguishes between uppercase and lowercase letters of the full-width alphabet. Inverse of CI. |
| AI (Accent Insensitive) | Does not distinguish between accents, slurred sounds, and plosives. It also does not distinguish between the turbid sounds and plosives of half-width kana. For example, "Ha", "Ba", and "Pa" are the same |
| AS (Accent Sensitive) | Distinguish between accents, slurred and plosives. The reverse of AI. |
| KS (Kana Sensitive) | Distinguish between hiragana and katakana. Distinguish even half-width. Example: Distinguish between "ha" and "ha" |
| WS (Width Sensitive) | Character-width-sensitive. Distinguish between full-width and half-width. Example: Distinguish between "a" and "a" |
| BIN (Binary) | Compare in binary. Distinguish everything. |
If you want to make changes, please set it from the "Customize" button on the right.
This is the screen when "Database Engine" is selected from the functions.
Use the Server Configuration tab to set the account that administers the Database Engine.
The authentication mode specifies whether to use Windows Authentication only or a combination of SQL Server Authentication and Windows Authentication. If you are using SQL Server Authentication, you will be assigned an "sa" account with administrator privileges, and you will need to enter the password required to log in. SQL Server Authentication is required if you want to have a dedicated account for SQL Server other than the Windows account.
In addition, you must set up at least one Windows account user who can log in and administer SQL Server. If you want to make the user who is currently logged in to Windows an administrator, click Add Current User. This adds the user to the list. If you want to add another user, click the "Add" button.
For the other tabs, if you don't have a specific reason to do so, you can leave the defaults as they are.
If you have confirmed the settings so far, click the "Install" button. Depending on the selected function, other settings screens may be displayed.
Close it when the installation is complete.
Download SQL Server Management Studio
Now that SQL Server is installed, you can actually access the database, but at this point you can only access it programmatically or from the CUI. It is more convenient to have a GUI tool, so install the official tool "SQL Server Management Studio". You can use a different GUI tool.
Go to the following site:
There is a download link just below the page, but this may be the English version.
The Japanese version is at the bottom, so please download it from this link.
Installing SQL Server Management Studio
Launch the downloaded installer.
Click the "Install" button.
Close it when the installation is complete.
Verify connectivity to the database in SQL Server Management Studio
Start SQL Server Management Studio from the Start menu.
Enter the name of the server to which you want to connect. If there is a database in the execution environment, the default value is OK. For authentication, if there is a database in the execution environment, you can connect with Windows authentication. If you want to connect to a database on another PC, connect with Windows Authentication or SQL Server Authentication.
If you can connect, you should see a lot of things in Object Explorer. You can create databases, tables, etc., and edit records with GUI operations.